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MATERIAL SAFETY DATA SHEET
POTASSIUM AMYL XANTHATE, SOLID
1. CHEMICAL PRODUCT AND COMPANY IDENTIFICATION
EMERGENCY TELEPHONE NUMBERS (FOR EMERGENCIES INVOLVING CHEMICAL SPILLS OR RELEASE) Toronto, ON (416) 226-6117 Montreal, QC (514) 861-1211 Winnipeg, MB (204) 943-8827Edmonton, AB (780) 424-1754 Calgary, AB (403) 263-8660 Vancouver, BC (604) 685-5036 Dithiocarbonic Acid, Amyl Ester, Potassium Salt.
Potassium Amyl Xanthate; KAX 51; Potassium Pentyl Xanthate; Potassium Pentyl Xanthogenate.
Salts of carbonic acid dithio esters.
WHMIS Classification / Symbol:
READ THE ENTIRE MSDS FOR THE COMPLETE HAZARD EVALUATION OF THIS PRODUCT.
2. COMPOSITION, INFORMATION ON INGREDIENTS (Not Intended As Specifications)
Ingredient
CAS#
ACGIH TLV
% Concentration
Decomposition Product: Carbon disulfide 75-15-0 Skin Notation: Contact with skin, eyes and mucous membranes can contribute to the overall exposure and may invalidate the TLV. Considermeasures to prevent absorption by these routes.
3. HAZARDS IDENTIFICATION
May be fatal if swallowed. Harmful if inhaled. Causes skin and eye irritation. Dust is irritating to respiratory tract. See "Other Health Effects" Section. Heating of solid xanthate or aging or heating of solutions will cause formation of Carbon Bisulfide. Upon exposure of solid xanthates to moisture and/or heat, decomposition results and spontaneous combustion can occur. Contact of solid xanthate with moist air has resulted in ignition. (4) Emits a flammable gas upon contact with water or water vapour. Can decompose at high temperatures forming toxic gases. Powdered material may form explosive dust-air mixtures. Contents may develop pressure on prolonged exposure to heat.
Excessive contact with powder may cause drying of mucous membranes of nose and throat due to absorption of moisture and oils. Product may cause severe irritation of the nose, throat and respiratory tract. Repeated and/or prolonged exposures may cause productive cough, running nose, bronchopneumonia, pulmonary oedema (fluid build-up in lungs), and reduction of pulmonary function. Irritation of mucous membranes and respiratory tract is possible following exposure to the decomposition product. (3) See "Other Health Effects" Section.
Brief contact with the dust causes irritation. Greater exposure causes severe burns. In the presence of moisture (perspiration, humidity, tears), the dust dissolves to form a corrosive solution which may cause burns. (3) Potassium Amyl Xanthate may cause symptoms of skin irritation such as reddening, swelling, rash, scaling, or blistering. May cause defatting, drying and cracking of the skin.
May be absorbed through intact skin. See Section 11, "Other Studies Relevant to Material".
This product may cause irritation, redness and possible damage due to abrasiveness. Brief contact with the dust causes irritation. Greater exposure causes severe burns. In the presence of moisture (perspiration, humidity, tears), the dust dissolves to form a corrosive solution which may cause burns. (3) Irritation of the eyes is possible following exposure to the decomposition product. (3) Ingestion is not a likely route of exposure. This product causes irritation, a burning sensation of the mouth and throat and abdominal pain.
Effects (irritancy) on the skin and eyes may be delayed, and damage may occur without the sensation or onset of pain. Strict adherence to first aid measures following any exposure is essential.
May cause cardiovascular effects, liver damage, peripheral nervous system (PNS) effects or central nervous system (CNS) depression. CNS depression is characterized by headache, dizziness, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting and incoordination. Severe overexposures may lead to coma and possible death due to respiratory failure. Peripheral Neuropathy is a progressive disorder of the nervous system characterized by sensory and motor abnormalities, muscle spasms, weakness and pain in the arms and legs, numbness and tingling of the fingers and toes and paralysis. Liver damage is characterized by the loss of appetite, jaundice (yellowish skin colour), and occasional pain in the upper left-hand side of the abdomen.
Potassium Amyl Xanthate: Symptoms of potassium poisoning may occur. These include slow heartbeat, accelerated breathing, muscle weakness and, in severe cases, paralysis.
Vapours of the decomposition products of Xanthates (Carbon Bisulphide) can cause severe disturbances of mood and behaviour, including excitation, anger and violent dreams. High concentrations of vapours can cause death. (4) Carbon Bisulphide: Contact with moisture in the body by inhalation may yield sodium hydroxide (corrosive) and 2-mercaptobenzothiazole, an irritant. (4) Contact with acids will liberate carbon disulphide. (3) Exposure to carbon disulphide (500 to 1000 ppm) may cause severe mood and personality disturbances, including excitability, confusion, irritability, uncontrollable anger, bizarre dreams, insomnia, psychosis and suicide. Exposure to carbon disulphide at 4800 ppm for thirty minutes results in coma and may be fatal. Carbon disulphide is readily absorbed through intact skin. Chronic exposure to carbon disulphide produces central and peripheral nervous system, cardiovascular, gastrointestinal, kidney, endocrine and eye disorders. (4) Potassium Hydroxide: Exposure to very low doses, even for a short period of time, has produced extensive damage to the esophagus, stomach and intestine extending into surrounding tissues, as well as hyperexcitability followed by apathy and weakness. In some cases, death has resulted from hemorrhage, adhesions or perforation. Following esophageal damage, strictures have frequently developed in surviving animals. (4) 4. FIRST AID MEASURES
Move victim to fresh air. Give artificial respiration ONLY if breathing has stopped. Give cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if there is no breathing AND no pulse. Obtain medical advice IMMEDIATELY.
Prompt removal of the material from the skin is essential. Remove all contaminated clothing and immediately wash the exposed areas with copious amounts of soap and water for a minimum of 30 minutes or up to 60 minutes for critical body areas. Immerse the exposed part immediately in ice water to relieve pain and to prevent swelling and blistering. Place cold packs, ice or wet cloths on the burned area if immersion is not possible. Cover the exposed part with a clean, preferably sterile, lint-free dressing. Obtain medical attention IMMEDIATELY and monitor breathing and treat for shock for severe exposure.
Immediately flush eyes with running water for a minimum of 20 minutes. Hold eyelids open during flushing. If irritation persists, repeat flushing. Obtain medical attention IMMEDIATELY.
Do not attempt to give anything by mouth to an unconscious person. If victim is alert and not convulsing, rinse mouth out and give 1/2 to 1 glass of water to dilute material. IMMEDIATELY contact local Poison Control Centre. Vomiting should only be induced under the direction of a physician or a poison control centre. If spontaneous vomiting occurs, have victim lean forward with head down to avoid breathing in of vomitus, rinse mouth and administer more water. IMMEDIATELY transport victim to an emergency facility.
Medical conditions that may be aggravated by exposure to this product include neurological and cardiovascular disorders, diseases of the skin, eyes or respiratory tract, preexisting liver and kidney disorders.
5. FIRE-FIGHTING MEASURES
Flammability Limits in Air (%):
AutoIgnition
Flashpoint (°C)
Temperature (°C)
LEL
UEL
Thermal decomposition products are toxic and may include Carbon Disulphide, Potassium sulphide, carbonyl sulphide, Amyl Alcohols, oxides of carbon, sulphur, potassium and irritating gases.
This product may be capable of forming flammable dust clouds in air. Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential. Spilled material may cause floors and contact surfaces to become slippery. Heating of solid xanthate or aging or heating of solutions will cause formation of Carbon Bisulfide. Upon exposure of solid xanthates to moisture and/or heat, decomposition results and spontaneous combustion can occur. Contact of solid xanthate with moist air has resulted in ignition. (4) Vapours from this product are heavier than air, and may "travel" to a source of ignition (eg. pilot lights, heaters, electric motors) some distance away, and then "flash back" to the point of product discharge causing an explosion and fire. Enforce NO SMOKING rules.
Sensitivity to Mechanical Impact: Not expected to be sensitive to mechanical impact.
If product has come into contact with moisture and Carbon Bisulphide gas has evolved, then Carbon Bisulphide is expected to be sensitive to static discharge if vapours are present between the lower and upper explosive limits. (3) High voltage static electricity build-up is possible when significant quantities of dust are present.
Use carbon dioxide or dry chemical media for small fires. If only water is available, use it in the form of a fog. Cool containers with flooding quantities of water until well after the fire is out. Exposure to heat and moisture may cause the decomposition of xanthates to release flammable, explosive and poisonous Carbon Bisulphide vapours. (3) Use water spray to cool fire-exposed containers or structures. Use water spray to disperse vapours; re-ignition is possible. Clean up immediately to eliminate slipping hazard. Do not allow to enter sewers or watercourses. Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential.
Use self-contained breathing apparatus and protective clothing.
6. ACCIDENTAL RELEASE MEASURES
Information in this section is for responding to spills, leaks or releases in order to prevent or minimize the adverse effects on persons, property and the environment. There may be specific reporting requirements associated with spills, leaks or releases, which change from region to region.
In all cases of leak or spill contact vendor at Emergency Number shown on the front page of this MSDS. Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential. Wear respirator, protective clothing and gloves. Spilled material may cause floors and contact surfaces to become slippery. Any recovered product can be used for the usual purpose, depending on the extent and kind of contamination. Where a package (drum or bag) is damaged and / or leaking, repair it, or place it into an over-pack drum immediately so as to avoid or minimize material loss and contamination of surrounding environment. Replace damaged containers immediately to avoid loss of material and contamination of surrounding atmosphere. Avoid dry sweeping. Do not use compressed air to clean surfaces. Vacuuming or wet sweeping is preferred. Return all material possible to container for proper disposal. Do not flush with water as aqueous solutions or powders that become wet render surfaces extremely slippery. Eliminate all sources of ignition. Collect product for recovery or disposal. For release to land, or storm water runoff, contain discharge by constructing dykes or applying inert absorbent; for release to water, utilize damming and/or water diversion to minimize the spread of contamination. Ventilate enclosed spaces. Notify applicable government authority if release is reportable or could adversely affect the environment.
7. HANDLING AND STORAGE
Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential. Ground and bond equipment and containers to prevent a static charge buildup. Use spark-resistant tools. Use normal "good" industrial hygiene and housekeeping practices. Clean up immediately to eliminate slipping hazard. Enforce NO SMOKING rules in area of use.
See Section 8, "Engineering Controls".
Use only with adequate ventilation and avoid breathing dusts ( aerosols, vapours or mists ). Avoid contact with eyes, skin or clothing. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling. Wash contaminated clothing thoroughly before re-use. Do not use cutting or welding torches on empty drums that contained this material/product. Absorption via contact with skin, eyes and mucous membranes can contribute to the overall exposure. Consider measures to prevent absorption by these routes.
Ventilation should be explosion proof.
Store solid Xanthates under cool, dark, dry conditions. Liquid products must be kept cool and used as quickly as possible. (3) Store in a cool, well-ventilated area. Keep away from heat, sparks and flames. Keep containers closed. Do not expose sealed containers to temperatures above 40° C. Avoid moisture contamination. Prolonged storage may result in lumping or caking.
Special Materials to be Used for Materials of construction for storing the product include: carbon steel. Copper and its alloys should not Packaging or Containers: be used in equipment for storage, handling or transportation. Attacks some types of rubber, plastics and coatings. Confirm suitability of any material before using.
8. EXPOSURE CONTROLS / PERSONAL PROTECTION
Recommendations listed in this section indicate the type of equipment, which will provide protection against overexposure to this product. Conditions of use, adequacy of engineering or other control measures, and actual exposures will dictate the need for specific protective devices at your workplace.
Local exhaust ventilation required. Ventilation should be explosion proof. Make up air should be supplied to balance air that is removed by local or general exhaust ventilation. Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential. Ventilate low lying areas such as sumps or pits where dense dust may collect. Enforce NO SMOKING rules.
Use chemical safety goggles when there is potential for eye contact. Use full face-shield and chemical safety goggles when there is potential for contact.
Gloves and protective clothing made from neoprene, PVC, polyethylene, rubber or plastic should be impervious under conditions of use. Attacks some types of rubber, plastics and coatings. Prior to use, user should confirm impermeability. Discard contaminated gloves.
No specific guidelines available. A NIOSH/MSHA-approved air-purifying respirator equipped with dust, mist, fume cartridges for concentrations up to 2 mg/m³ Potassium Hydroxide. An air-supplied respirator if concentrations are higher or unknown.
Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential. Wear an impermeable apron and boots. Locate safety shower and eyewash station close to chemical handling area. Take all precautions to avoid personal contact. Clothing and footwear that is fire retardant and dissipates static electrical charges should be worn when handling flammable materials. Natural fibers (cotton, wool, leather and linen) should be selected in favour of synthetic materials (rayon, nylon and polyester).
Skin Notation: Contact with skin, eyes and mucous membranes can contribute to the overall exposure and may invalidate the TLV. Consider measures to prevent absorption by these routes.
SUBSTANCE
ACGIH TLV
OSHA PEL
NIOSH REL
(STEL)
(TWA) (STEL)
(TWA) (STEL)
9. PHYSICAL AND CHEMICAL PROPERTIES (Not intended as Specifications)
Soluble in water. Hygroscopic (readily absorbs water).
10. STABILITY AND REACTIVITY
Unstable. Solid Xanthates are stable when kept cool and dry. Exposure to heat causes decomposition. Acids and oxidizing agents accelerate aging. In solution, Xanthates will decompose slowly even at room temperature. (3) Flammable. This product may be capable of forming flammable dust clouds in air.
High temperatures, sparks, open flames and all other sources of ignition. Avoid accumulation and dispersion of dust to reduce explosion potential. Exposure to heat and moisture may cause the decomposition of xanthates to release flammable, explosive and poisonous Carbon Bisulphide vapours. (3) Strong oxidizers. Lewis or mineral acids. Metal Salts. Copper and its alloys. Contact with acids will liberate Carbon Bisulphide. Avoid moisture contamination. Contact with water or moisture will liberate Carbon Bisulphide. Mixtures or reactions of alcohols with the following materials may cause explosions: barium perchlorate, chlorine, hypochlorous acid, ethylene oxide, hexamethylene diisocyanate and other isocyanates, nitrogen tetroxide, permonosulfuric acid and tri-isobutyl aluminum. (4) Attacks some types of rubber, plastics and coatings.
Thermal decomposition products are toxic and may include Carbon Bisulphide, Potassium sulphide, carbonyl sulphide, Amyl Alcohols, oxides of carbon, sulphur, potassium and irritating gases.
11. TOXICOLOGICAL INFORMATION
TOXICOLOGICAL DATA:
SUBSTANCE
LD50 (Oral, Rat)
LD50 (Dermal, Rabbit)
LC50 (Inhalation, Rat, 4h)
The ingredient(s) of this product is (are) not classed as carcinogenic by ACGIH, IARC, OSHA or NTP.
This product: No adverse reproductive effects are anticipated.
No adverse mutagenic effects are anticipated.
No adverse teratogenic effects are anticipated.
Alcohols may interact synergistically with chlorinated solvents (example - carbon tetrachloride, chloroform, bromotrichloromethane), dithiocarbamates (example - disulfiram), dimethylnitrosamine and thioacetamide. (4) Carbon Bisulphide: The toxic effects of Carbon Bisulphide, particularly on the nervous system, can be intensified by consumption of alcohol, alcoholism, treatment with disulfiram (Antibuse), and exposure to Hydrogen Sulphide. (4) In animal studies the toxicity of Carbon Bisulphide was intensified by chemicals such as resperine and amphetamine which act on the nervous system. (4) 12. ECOLOGICAL INFORMATION
Not available. May be harmful to aquatic life.
Not available. Product has an unaesthetic appearance and can be a nuisance. Can be dangerous if allowed to enter drinking water intakes. Do not contaminate domestic or irrigation water supplies, lakes, streams, ponds, or rivers.
13. DISPOSAL CONSIDERATIONS
This information applies to the material as manufactured. Reevaluation of the product may be required by the user at the time of disposal since the product uses, transformations, mixtures and processes may influence waste classification. Dispose of waste material at an approved (hazardous) waste treatment/disposal facility in accordance with applicable local, provincial and federal regulations. Do not dispose of waste with normal garbage, or to sewer systems.
See "Waste Disposal Methods".
Empty containers retain product residue and can be dangerous. Treat package in the same manner as the product.
14. TRANSPORTATION INFORMATION
CANADIAN TDG ACT SHIPPING DESCRIPTION:
XANTHATES, Class 4.2, UN3342, PG III.
Label(s): Substances Liable To Spontaneous Combustion. Placard: Substances Liable To Spontaneous Combustion.
US DOT CLASSIFICATION (49CFR 172.101, 172.102):
XANTHATES, Class 4.2, UN3342, PG III.
Label(s): Spontaneously Combustible. Placard: Spontaneously Combustible.
15. REGULATORY INFORMATION
All constituents of this product are included on the DSL.
Controlled Products Regulations Classification (WHMIS): All constituents of this product are included on the TSCA inventory.
OSHA HCS (29CFR 1910.1200): Flammable Solid. Toxic. Skin and Eye Irritant.
: Health, Fire, Reactivity (Not available.) INTERNATIONAL
16. OTHER INFORMATION
RTECS-Registry of Toxic Effects of Chemical Substances, Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety RTECS database.
Clayton, G.D. and Clayton, F.E., Eds., Patty's Industrial Hygiene and Toxicology, 3rd ed., Vol. IIA,B,C, John Wiley and Sons, New York, 1981.
Supplier's Material Safety Data Sheet(s).
CHEMINFO, through "CCINFOdisc", Canadian Centre for Occupational Health and Safety, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
Guide to Occupational Exposure Values, 2007, American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists, Cincinnati, 2007.
Regulatory Affairs Group, Brenntag Canada Inc.
The British Columbia Drug and Poison Information Centre, Poison Managements Manual, Canadian Pharmaceutical Association, Ottawa, 1981.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ The information contained herein is offered only as a guide to the handling of this specific material and has been prepared in good faith by technically knowledgeable personnel. It is not intended to be all-inclusive and the manner and conditions of use and handling may involve other and additional considerations. No warranty of any kind is given or implied and Brenntag Canada Inc. will not be liable for any damages, losses, injuries or consequential damages which may result from the use of or reliance on any information contained herein. This Material Safety Data Sheet is valid for three years.
____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ To obtain revised copies of this or other Material Safety Data Sheets, contact your nearest Brenntag Canada Regional office.
British Columbia: 20333-102B Avenue, Langley, BC, V1M 3H1 Phone: (604) 513-9009 Facsimile: (604) 513-9010 Alberta: 6628 - 45 th. Street, Leduc, AB, T9E 7C9 Phone: (780) 986-4544 Facsimile: (780) 986-1070 Manitoba: 681 Plinquet Street, Winnipeg, MB, R2J 2X2 Phone: (204) 233-3416 Facsimile: (204) 233-7005 Ontario: 43 Jutland Road, Toronto, ON, M8Z 2G6 Phone: (416) 259-8231 Facsimile: (416) 259-5333 Quebec: 2900 Jean Baptiste Des., Lachine, PQ, H8T 1C8 Phone: (514) 636-9230 Facsimile: (514) 636-0877 Atlantic: A-105 Akerley Boulevard, Dartmouth, NS, B3B 1R7 Phone: (902) 468-9690 Facsimile: (902) 468-3085____________________________________________________________________________________________________________ Prepared By: Regulatory Affairs Group, Brenntag Canada Inc., (416) 259-8231.

Source: http://www.reviewboard.ca/upload/project_document/EA0809-004_MSDS_for_Potassium_Amyl_Xanthate_1328896837.PDF