Emiliomiranda.eng.br

Exportação de arquivos para planilhas
Copyright (c) 2003 Emilio Luciano de Miranda e Silva.
Permission is granted to copy, distribute and/or modify this document under the terms of the GNU Free Documentation License, Version 1.2 or any later version published by the Free Software Foundation; with no Invariant Sections, no Front-Cover Texts, and no Back-Cover Texts.
A copy of the license is included in the section entitled "GNU Um técnico que trabalha comigo, recentemente estava fazendo uma lista de peças de um circuito que eu havia projetado. Havíamos decidido que faríamos uma lista para o setor de compras, outra para o terceirizador que monta as placas de circuito impresso e a última para o nosso controle. Cada lista teria soménte as informações necessárias, específicas das áreas, sendo O nosso programa de confecção circuitos, o PADS , é um dos melhores e é bastante robusto no que concerne ao controle de produção de placas de circuito impresso, apesar de não Certa hora, passei para verificar o trabalho e vi que o técnico estava tirando sangue de pedra tentando formatar o arquivo texto, gerado pelo PADS com os dados do circuito, no NOTEPAD do Windows . Percebi então que ele não conhecia os modos de importação ou exportação das planilhas modernas. Provavelmente, por ele não ser um dinossauro da informática como eu que comecei a trabalhar no 123 da Lotus  não sei nem a quanto tempo :>) De uma maneira geral é convencionado que os modos de importação ou exportação padrão entre aplicativos quaisquer é em arquivo texto. Convencionou-se, então, usar como separadores padrões a vírgula, o espaço e a tabulação para transferência entre planilhas. A extensão usada é CSV ou CVS dependendo do aplicativo. Mas, mantém-se sempre a transferência em modo texto.
Os separadores, como o nome sugere, marcam o fim de cada string numa linha. Por exemplo, se O arquivo aparecerá da seguinte maneira (se você escolher a vírgula como separador), A planilha, então, coloca em cada célula o valor entre vírgulas.Pode parecer simplório,mas, não significaque seja potente. O tipo de arquivo IGES, para intercâmbio de projetos de CAD é em formato texto e usa tabulação como delimitador.Infelizmente,se você tentar abrir um arquivo destes com o Notepad, talvez você não consiga por serem muito grandes. Sugiro que dê uma olhada no JFE, um editor de texto, profissionalpara Windows . Para o pessoal do Linux, bem, O processo é simples: -Escolhe-se o modo Exportação no aplicatico de origem; -Seleciona- se as informações que deseja-se exportar; -Seleciona-se qual o separador, se vírgula, espaço, tabulação ou que você indicará;-Peça, então, para o aplicativo gerar o arquivo com extensão CSV.
-Abra a planilha e dependendo de qual escolha uma das duas opções:Importar ou Abrir>Arquivo CSV; -Normalmente a planilha abre um quadro para que você escolha o separador e outros atrib- O processo todo é muito simples, mas, tem algumas armadilhas. A primeira delas é o que fazer comas strings de texto no arquivo CSV. Se você abrí-lo com o NOTEPAD irá ver que as strings estão delimitadas por aspas ou apóstrofos. O padrão é aspas, mas se o aplicativo exportador colocar apóstrofos a planilha perderá-se na interpretação. O contrário também pode acontecer já que padrões são dificeisde serem seguidos pela turma de software.
A seguir vem o problema do formato padrão das células. As strings que você quer que a planilha entenda podem ser de vários formatos: texto, número, data, hora, moeda etc. Na janela que que a planilha abre quando você indica para ela que quer importar um arquivo CSV dácondições de você mudar o atributo da coluna. É só clicar com o botão direito do mouse em cima do cabeçalho da coluna e você terá condições de mudá-las.
Bom, este truque simples já possibilitou-me importar dados de um sistema de monitora- mento processado à base de microcontrolador e muitos outras aplicações aonde as informações necessitam de uma organização maior oferecida pelas planilhas.
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Source: http://www.emiliomiranda.eng.br/papeis/export_plan.pdf