Microsoft word - 072 bordetellosis.doc

EAZWV Transmissible Disease Fact Sheet Sheet No. 72
BORDETELLOSIS
CLINICAL
TREATMENT PREVENTION
DISEASE ?
& CONTROL
AFFECTED
Fact sheet compiled by
Last update
Manfred Brack, formerly German Primate Center, Göttingen / Germany.
Fact sheet reviewed by
W. Rietschel, Wilhelma Zoologischer-Botanischer Garten, Stuttgart, Germany
C. Furley, Howletts Zoo, Bekesbourne, United Kingdom
Susceptible animal groups
Callitrichidae, Saimiri sciureus, mangabeys, rhesus monkeys, African green monkeys, Galago senegalensis,
Pan troglodytes.
Causative organism
Bordetella bronchiseptica ( 1 x B.pertussis in Pan troglodytes).
Zoonotic potential
Theoretically yes.
Distribution
Temperate climates.
Transmission
Aerogenously (droplet infection).B.bronchiseptica can survive and grow in natural waters and buffered saline!
Incubation period
Man: 2 – 5 days.
Clinical symptoms
Mucopurulent nasal discharge, dyspnoea, cough, letharg, recumbency, inappetence, sometimes death without
preceeding symptoms.
Post mortem findings
Focal to widespread fibrinopurulent bronchopneumonia, fibrinous pleuritis, peribronchiolar fibrosis,
Occasionally otitis media and leptomengitis. Lymphoid depletion in splenic white pulp.
Diagnosis
Cultivation on blood agar supplemented with cephalexin, DCLS-agar or Bordet-Gengou agar (haemolysis on
Bordet-Gengou agar). MacConkey furaltadone medium without nystatin, Smith- and- Baskerville medium
without amphotericin.
Serology: agglutination tests.
Material required for laboratory analysis
Nasal excretions, lung tissues.
Relevant diagnostic laboratories
Local veterinary or medical laboratories.
Treatment
Polymyxin B, Tetracycline, Gentamycin, Kanamycin.
Prevention and control in zoos

EAZWV Transmissible Disease Fact Sheet Sheet No. 72
Suggested disinfectant for housing facilities

Notification

Guarantees required under EU Legislation

Guarantees required by EAZA Zoos

Measures required under the Animal Disease Surveillance Plan

Measures required for introducing animals from non-approved sources

Measures to be taken in case of disease outbreak or positive laboratory findings

Conditions for restoring disease-free status after an outbreak

Experts who may be consulted

References
1. Bae, Y. C., S. S. Yoon, J. W. Park. S. K. Lee, O. K. Moon, M. I. Kang, and J. H. Jean. 2002. Fatal case of
acute pleuritis by Bordetella bronchiseptica in a squirrel monkey (Saimiri sciureus). Vet. Pathol. 39: 622. 2. Bemis, D. A., and S.A. Wilson. 1985. Influence of potential virulence determinants on Bordetella bronchiseptica – induced ciliostasis. Infect. Immun. 50: 35 – 42. 3. Brack, M. 1987. Agents Transmissible from Simians to Man. Springer, Berlin. 4. Gueirard, P., C. Weber, A. le Coustumier, and N. Guiso. 1995. Human Bordetella bronchiseptica infection related to contact with infected animals: Persistence of bacteria in host. J. Clin. Microbiol. 33: 2002 – 2006. 5. Gustavsson, O. E. A., B. O. Röken, and R. Serrander. 1990. An epizootic of whooping cough among chimpanzees in a zoo. Folia Primatol. 55: 45 – 50. 6. Klein, H. J., W. C. Hall, and W. J. Pouch. 1987. Characterization of an outbreak of Bordetella bronchiseptica in a group of African green monkeys (Cercopithecus aethiops). Lab. Anim. Sci. 37: 524 . 7. Lariviere, S., L. Leblanc, K. R. Mittal, and G. P. Martineau. 1993. Comparison of isolation methods for the recovery of Bordetella bronchiseptioca and Pasteurella multocida from the nasal cavities of piglets. J. Clin. Microbiol. 31: 364 – 367.

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